17 November – 21 November 2025

Summary: 

Australia’s latest wage data underscored persistent labour-market tightness and ongoing productivity weakness, posing fresh challenges for the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) as it attempts to steer inflation back toward target. The Wage Price Index rose 3.4% year-on-year and 0.8% quarter-on-quarter, in line with expectations, but continued to highlight mismatches between labour demand and supply. Public-sector wage growth once again outpaced the private sector, driven largely by state government pay agreements. Health care and social assistance made the strongest contribution to quarterly increases, while financial services, media and recreation sectors lagged. 

Economists warn that sustained wage strength suggests employers are still struggling to recruit suitably skilled workers, reinforcing upward wage pressure despite weak productivity. This combination risks keeping real unit labour costs elevated, a key concern for the RBA as it monitors firms’ price-setting behaviour. Governor Michele Bullock has signalled that further policy easing is unlikely in the near term, particularly given still-firm wages, resilient consumer spending and unemployment holding near historic lows. Markets now see only a slim chance of another rate cut in 2026, with most economists expecting easing to resume around May. 

In rates markets, Australian bonds traded in narrow ranges. The cash rate remained at 3.60%, while short-dated funding indicators such as the 3-month BBSW held steady at 3.64%, reflecting stable liquidity conditions. Across the sovereign curve, yields drifted slightly higher: the 3-year bond closed at 3.76%, the 10-year at 4.47% (+3bps), and the 30-year at 5.10% (+7bps), indicating mild curve steepening amid reassessed long-run inflation expectations. 

Figure 1: Aust. 3 yr minus 10 yr Bond SpreadAustralian 3-year and 10-year government bond yields and spreads from January 2019 to November 2025. The chart includes two colored lines: blue for 10-year yields and red for 3-year yields, with grey bars representing spreads. Yields dropped sharply in 2020, then rose significantly after mid-2021, remaining volatile through 2025.

Figure 2: Australian & US Bond YieldsAustralian and US 10-year government bond yields and spreads from January 2020 to July 2025. The chart shows two lines: red for Australian 10-year yields and blue for US 10-year yields, with green bars representing the spread. Yields rose sharply after mid-2021, peaking in early 2023, while spreads fluctuated between positive and negative territory

Figure 3: US 10-year minus 2-year Bond Spread

Global 10-Year Bond Yields" showing yield trends for five countries—UK (green), US (blue), Italy (red), France (yellow), and Germany (light blue)—from January 2020 to July 2025. The vertical axis represents yield percentages ranging from -1.0% to 5.5%, and the horizontal axis shows time in six-month intervals. The chart indicates a sharp rise in yields starting early 2022, peaking around early 2023, followed by fluctuations and stabilization at higher levels compared to 2020